Black Sea Phytoplankton checklist

Attention! The site was discontinued in 2014. The site is not supported and is not updated. Information on the site may be out of date.
Внимание! Разработка сайта прекращена в 2014 году. Сайт не поддрживается и не обновляется. Информация на сайте может быть устаревшей.

Prorocentrum cordatum

From Black Sea Phytoplankton checklist

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{{Taxonomy
{{Taxonomy
-
| kingdom = Protozoa  
+
| kingdom = Chromista  
-
| phylum = Dinoflagellata
+
| phylum = Myzozoa
| class = Dinophyceae  
| class = Dinophyceae  
| order = Prorocentrales  
| order = Prorocentrales  
Line 11: Line 11:
| variety =  
| variety =  
| aphiaid = 232376
| aphiaid = 232376
-
| synonyms =  ''Exuviaella cordata'' Ostenfeld; ''Exuviaella mariae-lebouriae'' Parke et Ballantine, 1957; ''Exuviaella minima'' Pavillard, 1916; ''Prorocentrum cordiformis'' Bursa, 1959; ''Prorocentrum mariae-lebouriae'' (Parke et Ballantine) Loeblich III, 1970; ''Prorocentrum triangulatum'' Martin, 1929; ''Prorocentrum minimum'' (Pavillard, 1916) Schiller, 1931
+
| synonyms =  ''Exuviaella cordata'' Ostenfeld, 1901; ''Prorocentrum minimum'' (Pavillard, 1916) Schiller, 1931
 +
| othersynonyms = ''Exuviaella minima'' Pavillard, 1916
 +
| basionym = ''Exuviaella cordata'' Ostenfeld, 1901
 +
| lsid = urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:33782
}}
}}
{{Properties
{{Properties
 +
| env = brackish
 +
| envref = Petrova V., 1957 (73)
 +
| habitat = neritic
 +
| habitatref = Petrova V., 1957 (73)
| harmful = Intraperitoneal injection of methanol extracts are toxic tomice. Ingested cells can cause detrimental effects in molluscs. Some strains excrete substances toxic to Artemia-nauplii. Some earlier reports of ''P. minimum'' toxicity are erroneous due to the co-occurrence of e.g. toxic Dinophysis cells, e.g., Kat M. 1985. ''Dinophysis acuminata'' blooms, the distinct cause of Dutch mussel poisoning. In: ''Toxic Dinoflagellates'' (Ed. by D.M. Anderson, A.W. White & D.G. Baden), pp. 73-77. Elsevier, New York.
| harmful = Intraperitoneal injection of methanol extracts are toxic tomice. Ingested cells can cause detrimental effects in molluscs. Some strains excrete substances toxic to Artemia-nauplii. Some earlier reports of ''P. minimum'' toxicity are erroneous due to the co-occurrence of e.g. toxic Dinophysis cells, e.g., Kat M. 1985. ''Dinophysis acuminata'' blooms, the distinct cause of Dutch mussel poisoning. In: ''Toxic Dinoflagellates'' (Ed. by D.M. Anderson, A.W. White & D.G. Baden), pp. 73-77. Elsevier, New York.
| harmfulref = Moestrup, Ø., Akselman, R., Cronberg, G., Elbraechter, M., Fraga, S., Halim, Y., Hansen, G., Hoppenrath, M., Larsen, J., Lundholm, N., Nguyen, L. N., Zingone, A. (Eds) (2010) IOC-UNESCO Taxonomic Reference List of Harmful Micro Algae at http://www.marinespecies.org/hab/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=110304 on 2010-10-15
| harmfulref = Moestrup, Ø., Akselman, R., Cronberg, G., Elbraechter, M., Fraga, S., Halim, Y., Hansen, G., Hoppenrath, M., Larsen, J., Lundholm, N., Nguyen, L. N., Zingone, A. (Eds) (2010) IOC-UNESCO Taxonomic Reference List of Harmful Micro Algae at http://www.marinespecies.org/hab/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=110304 on 2010-10-15
 +
| blooming = x
 +
| bloomingref = Moncheva S. et. al., 2001; Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999;
}}
}}
 +
{{Occurrence
{{Occurrence
-
| bsref = Kiselev I.A., 1950; Gomez F. & Boicenko L., 2004; Mikaelyan A.S. et al., 2008;  Bryantseva Yu., 2000; Ivanov A.I., 1965; Georgieva L.V., 1979 (Bosphorus area)
+
| bsref = Kiselev I.A., 1950; Gomez F. & Boicenko L., 2004; Mikaelyan A.S. et al., 2008;  Bryantseva Yu., 2000; Ivanov A.I., 1965; Georgieva L.V., 1979 (Bosphorus area); Sukhanova I. N., Belyaeva T. V., 1980; Vershinin A., Velikova V., 2008
| bg = +
| bg = +
-
| bgref =  Konsulov A., 1998; S. Moncheva(IO-BAS), 2010
+
| bgref =  Konsulov A., 1998; S. Moncheva(IO-BAS), 2010; Petrova V., 1963; Petrova V., 1957; Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999; Bologa A. S., Skolka H. V., Frangopol P. T., 1984; Moncheva S. et. al., 2001; Valkanov A., 1957
| ge = +
| ge = +
| geref = Komakhidze A. & N.Mazmanidi, 1998; Morozova-Vodyanitskaya N.V., 1948 (Batumi); Gvarishvili Ts., 2010
| geref = Komakhidze A. & N.Mazmanidi, 1998; Morozova-Vodyanitskaya N.V., 1948 (Batumi); Gvarishvili Ts., 2010
| ro = +
| ro = +
-
| roref = Petranu A., 1997;  Skolka V.H., Roban A., 1989
+
| roref = Petranu A., 1997;  Skolka V.H., Roban A., 1989; Bodeanu N., 1987-1988; Bodeanu N., Ruta G., 1994-1995
| ru = +
| ru = +
-
| ruref = O.Yasakova, 2010 (Novorossiysk, Tuapse, Anapa, Gelendzhik, NE); Vershinin A.O., Moruchkov A.A., Leighfield T. et al., 2005
+
| ruref = O.Yasakova, 2010 (Novorossiysk, Tuapse, Anapa, Gelendzhik, NE); Vershinin A.O., Moruchkov A.A., Leighfield T. et al., 2005; Nezlin N.P., Zernova V.V., 1983 (NE); Yasakova O. N., 2013 (Novorossiysk bay)
| tr = +
| tr = +
-
| trref = Ozturk B., 1998; M.Turkoglu, T.Koray, 2002; Eker, E. 1998
+
| trref = Ozturk B., 1998; M.Turkoglu, T.Koray, 2002; Eker, E. 1998; Skolka V.H., Bodeanu N., 1963; Seyfettin Tas, Erdogan Okus, 2006; Georgieva L. V., 1969 (Bosphorus area); Gülnur Özdemyr, Orhan Ak, 2012
| ua = +
| ua = +
-
| uaref = Senicheva M.I., 2008 (Sevastopol Bay, Sevastopol coastal zone, Laspi Bay, Karadag); Zaitsev Y.P. & B.G. Alexandrov, 1998; Polikarpov I.G. et al., 2003; Krahmalniy A.; Morozova-Vodyanitskaya N.V., 1948 (Sevastopol); Dereziuk, N., 2008; Bryantseva Yu., 2010; Nesterova D.A., Terenko L.M., Terenko G.V., 2006 (NW); Nesterova D.A., 2002 (NW, dry estuary); Ryabushko L.I., 2003; Stroikina V.G., 1950 (Karadag); Manzhos L.A., 2008 (Feodosia Bay); Senichkina L.G., 1983 (NW)
+
| uaref = Senicheva M.I., 2008 (Sevastopol Bay, Sevastopol coastal zone, Laspi Bay, Karadag); Zaitsev Y.P. & B.G. Alexandrov, 1998; Polikarpov I.G. et al., 2003; Krahmalniy A.; Morozova-Vodyanitskaya N.V., 1948 (Sevastopol); Dereziuk, N., 2008; Bryantseva Yu., 2010; Nesterova D.A., Terenko L.M., Terenko G.V., 2006 (NW); Nesterova D.A., 2002 (NW, dry estuary); Ryabushko L.I., 2003; Stroikina V.G., 1950 (Karadag); Manzhos L.A., 2008 (Feodosia Bay); Senichkina L.G., 1983 (NW); Nesterova D.A., Terenko L.M., 2009; Pitsyk G.K., 1950; Senicheva M.I., 1971 (Sevastopol area); Terenko G., Kovalyshyna S., Grandova M., 2011; Ivanov A.I. 1959; Ivanov A.I. 1960; Nesterova D. A., 2003; Prokudina L. A., 1952; Zaremba N. V., 2011; Senichkina L. G., 1973; Bryantseva Yu., Zaremba N., Slipetskiy D., 2008; Bryantseva Yu., Silakov M., Slipetskiy D., Danilova O., 2009; Krakhmalny A. F., 2011a; Zaremba N. B., 2013 (Kerch strait);
 +
}}
 +
 
 +
{{Morphometry
 +
|ref/Kiselev I.A., 1950;region/;length/24;width/18-20;thickness/9-10;k/
 +
}}
 +
 
 +
{{LitData
 +
|Dnepr-Bug area;6;7;1955;;max;;1.88;;;;Ivanov A.I. 1960;;
 +
|Varna Bay;;;1987;summer;max;31.8;;;;;Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999;;
 +
|Varna Bay;;;1988;summer;max;3.1;;;;;Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999;;
 +
|Varna Bay;;;1989;spring;max;22.5;;;;;Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999;;
 +
|Varna Bay;;;1989;summer;max;280.0;;;;;Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999;;
 +
|Varna Bay;;;1990;spring;max;1.7;;;;;Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999;;
 +
|Varna Bay;;;1990;summer;max;2.0;;;;;Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999;;
 +
|Varna Bay;;;1991;summer;max;5.7;;;;;Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999;;
 +
|Varna Bay;;;1992;summer;max;2.2;;;;;Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999;;
 +
|Varna Bay;;;1994;autumn;max;1.5;;;;;Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999;;
 +
|Varna Bay;;;1995;winter;max;2.0;;;;;Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999;;
 +
|Varna Bay;;;1995;spring;max;5.0;;;;;Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999;;
 +
|Varna Bay;;;1995;summer;max;5.9;;;;;Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999;;
 +
|Varna Bay;;;1996;autumn;max;4.8;;;;;Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999;;
 +
|Varna Bay;;;1997;spring;max;2.0;;;;;Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999;;
 +
|Varna Bay;;;1997;summer;max;206.0;;;;;Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999;;
}}
}}
Line 46: Line 79:
| avebr = 1405.6
| avebr = 1405.6
| maxbr = 7510.8
| maxbr = 7510.8
-
| minbr2 = 871.3
+
 
-
| avebr2 = 2886.6
+
| minbr2 = 929.4
-
| maxbr2 = 6389.5
+
| avebr2 = 2984.5
 +
| maxbr2 = 6389.6
 +
 
| minsen=  980
| minsen=  980
| maxsen = 1750
| maxsen = 1750
 +
| avenest = 1341
}}
}}
Line 61: Line 97:
{{Volume
{{Volume
-
| simple =  
+
| simple = ellipsoid
-
| k =  
+
| k = 0.66
| complex =
| complex =
| helcom = cone -10%
| helcom = cone -10%
Line 69: Line 105:
| hillebrand = ellipsoid
| hillebrand = ellipsoid
}}
}}
 +
 +
== Images ==
 +
<gallery>
 +
Image:Velikova Fig 9 Proroc-cordatum &amp; balticum 9.png |''Prorocentrum cordatum'' (a, b). Photo by V. Velikova.
 +
</gallery>
{{SpeciesLists
{{SpeciesLists
|  list1 = x
|  list1 = x
|  list1as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
|  list1as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
 +
|  source2 = x
 +
|  source2as = also ''Prorocentrum minimum''
|  list2 = x
|  list2 = x
-
|  list2as = also as ''Prorocentrum minimum''
 
|  list3 = x
|  list3 = x
|  list4 = x
|  list4 = x
Line 87: Line 129:
|  list10 = x
|  list10 = x
|  list10as = also ''Prorocentrum minimum''
|  list10as = also ''Prorocentrum minimum''
-
|  list11 = x
+
|  source11 = x
-
|  list11as = ''Prorocentrum minimum''
+
|  source11as = ''Prorocentrum minimum''
|  list12 = x
|  list12 = x
-
|  list12as = also ''Prorocentrum minimum''
+
|  source12 = x
 +
|  source12as = also ''Prorocentrum minimum''
|  list14 = x
|  list14 = x
|  list15 = x
|  list15 = x
Line 96: Line 139:
|  list18 = x
|  list18 = x
|  list18as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
|  list18as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
-
|  list19 = x
+
|  source19 = x
-
|  list19as = ''Prorocentrum minimum''
+
|  source19as = ''Prorocentrum minimum''
|  list20 = x
|  list20 = x
-
|  list21 = x
+
|  source21 = x
-
|  list21as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
+
|  source21as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
|  list25 = x
|  list25 = x
-
|  list26 = x
+
|  source26 = x
|  list27 = x
|  list27 = x
|  ref31 = x
|  ref31 = x
Line 110: Line 153:
|  list35 = x
|  list35 = x
|  list36 = x
|  list36 = x
-
|  list36as = also as ''Prorocentrum minimum''
+
|  list36as = also ''Prorocentrum minimum''
|  list38 = x
|  list38 = x
|  list38as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
|  list38as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
Line 120: Line 163:
|  list63 = x
|  list63 = x
|  list63as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
|  list63as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
 +
|  list67 = x
 +
|  list67as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
 +
|  list68 = x
 +
|  list72 = x
 +
|  list72as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
 +
|  list73 = x
 +
|  list73as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
 +
|  list74 = x
 +
|  list74as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
 +
|  list75 = x
 +
|  list75as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
 +
|  list78 = x
 +
|  list78as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
 +
|  ref81 = x
 +
|  ref82 = x
 +
|  ref82as = ''Prorocentrum minimum''
 +
|  list85 = x
 +
|  list85as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
 +
|  list86 = x
 +
|  list86as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
 +
|  list89 = x
 +
|  list89as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
 +
|  list92 = x
 +
|  list92as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
 +
|  list94 = x
 +
|  list100 = x
 +
|  list105 = x
 +
|  list105as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
 +
|  ref107 = x
 +
|  ref107as = ''Prorocentrum minimum''
 +
|  list108 = x
 +
|  list108as = ''Prorocentrum minimum''
 +
|  list109 = x
 +
|  list109as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
 +
|  list110 = x
 +
|  list110as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
 +
|  ref111 = x
 +
|  list116 = x
 +
|  list116as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
 +
|  list117 = x
 +
|  list117as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
 +
|  list118 = x
 +
|  list119 = x
 +
|  list120 = x
 +
|  list123 = x
 +
|  list123as = ''Exuviaella cordata''
 +
|  list125 = x
 +
|  list125as = ''Prorocentrum minimum''
}}
}}
[[Category:Species]]
[[Category:Species]]
[[Category:Checked]]
[[Category:Checked]]

Latest revision as of 15:34, 7 January 2014

Prorocentrum cordatum (Ostenfeld, 1901) Dodge, 1975
= Exuviaella cordata Ostenfeld, 1901 (basionym)
= Exuviaella cordata Ostenfeld, 1901; Prorocentrum minimum (Pavillard, 1916) Schiller, 1931 (mentioned for the Black Sea)
= Exuviaella minima Pavillard, 1916 (other synonyms)

Classification

Chromista (Kingdom) > Myzozoa (Phylum) > Dinophyceae (Class) > Prorocentrales (Order) > Prorocentraceae (Family) > Prorocentrum (Genus)

WoRMS: 232376

Properties

Environment: brackish
Habitat: neritic
Harmful effect: Intraperitoneal injection of methanol extracts are toxic tomice. Ingested cells can cause detrimental effects in molluscs. Some strains excrete substances toxic to Artemia-nauplii. Some earlier reports of P. minimum toxicity are erroneous due to the co-occurrence of e.g. toxic Dinophysis cells, e.g., Kat M. 1985. Dinophysis acuminata blooms, the distinct cause of Dutch mussel poisoning. In: Toxic Dinoflagellates (Ed. by D.M. Anderson, A.W. White & D.G. Baden), pp. 73-77. Elsevier, New York.
(Moestrup, Ø., Akselman, R., Cronberg, G., Elbraechter, M., Fraga, S., Halim, Y., Hansen, G., Hoppenrath, M., Larsen, J., Lundholm, N., Nguyen, L. N., Zingone, A. (Eds) (2010) IOC-UNESCO Taxonomic Reference List of Harmful Micro Algae at http://www.marinespecies.org/hab/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=110304 on 2010-10-15)
Black Sea blooming species (Moncheva S. et. al., 2001; Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999;)


Occurrence

  References
Black Sea Kiselev I.A., 1950; Gomez F. & Boicenko L., 2004; Mikaelyan A.S. et al., 2008; Bryantseva Yu., 2000; Ivanov A.I., 1965; Georgieva L.V., 1979 (Bosphorus area); Sukhanova I. N., Belyaeva T. V., 1980; Vershinin A., Velikova V., 2008
Bulgaria Konsulov A., 1998; S. Moncheva(IO-BAS), 2010; Petrova V., 1963; Petrova V., 1957; Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999; Bologa A. S., Skolka H. V., Frangopol P. T., 1984; Moncheva S. et. al., 2001; Valkanov A., 1957
Geogria Komakhidze A. & N.Mazmanidi, 1998; Morozova-Vodyanitskaya N.V., 1948 (Batumi); Gvarishvili Ts., 2010
Romania Petranu A., 1997; Skolka V.H., Roban A., 1989; Bodeanu N., 1987-1988; Bodeanu N., Ruta G., 1994-1995
Russia O.Yasakova, 2010 (Novorossiysk, Tuapse, Anapa, Gelendzhik, NE); Vershinin A.O., Moruchkov A.A., Leighfield T. et al., 2005; Nezlin N.P., Zernova V.V., 1983 (NE); Yasakova O. N., 2013 (Novorossiysk bay)
Turkey Ozturk B., 1998; M.Turkoglu, T.Koray, 2002; Eker, E. 1998; Skolka V.H., Bodeanu N., 1963; Seyfettin Tas, Erdogan Okus, 2006; Georgieva L. V., 1969 (Bosphorus area); Gülnur Özdemyr, Orhan Ak, 2012
Ukraine Senicheva M.I., 2008 (Sevastopol Bay, Sevastopol coastal zone, Laspi Bay, Karadag); Zaitsev Y.P. & B.G. Alexandrov, 1998; Polikarpov I.G. et al., 2003; Krahmalniy A.; Morozova-Vodyanitskaya N.V., 1948 (Sevastopol); Dereziuk, N., 2008; Bryantseva Yu., 2010; Nesterova D.A., Terenko L.M., Terenko G.V., 2006 (NW); Nesterova D.A., 2002 (NW, dry estuary); Ryabushko L.I., 2003; Stroikina V.G., 1950 (Karadag); Manzhos L.A., 2008 (Feodosia Bay); Senichkina L.G., 1983 (NW); Nesterova D.A., Terenko L.M., 2009; Pitsyk G.K., 1950; Senicheva M.I., 1971 (Sevastopol area); Terenko G., Kovalyshyna S., Grandova M., 2011; Ivanov A.I. 1959; Ivanov A.I. 1960; Nesterova D. A., 2003; Prokudina L. A., 1952; Zaremba N. V., 2011; Senichkina L. G., 1973; Bryantseva Yu., Zaremba N., Slipetskiy D., 2008; Bryantseva Yu., Silakov M., Slipetskiy D., Danilova O., 2009; Krakhmalny A. F., 2011a; Zaremba N. B., 2013 (Kerch strait);

Morphometry

Ref Region Length (µm) Width (µm) Thickness (µm) Flattering factor
Kiselev I.A., 1950 24 18-20 9-10

Data from literature

Place Day Month Year Season Type Abundance 106cells·l-1 Biomass g·m-3 Depth Conditions with Reference
Dnepr-Bug area 6 7 1955 max 1.88 Ivanov A.I. 1960
Varna Bay 1987 summer max 31.8 Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999
Varna Bay 1988 summer max 3.1 Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999
Varna Bay 1989 spring max 22.5 Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999
Varna Bay 1989 summer max 280.0 Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999
Varna Bay 1990 spring max 1.7 Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999
Varna Bay 1990 summer max 2.0 Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999
Varna Bay 1991 summer max 5.7 Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999
Varna Bay 1992 summer max 2.2 Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999
Varna Bay 1994 autumn max 1.5 Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999
Varna Bay 1995 winter max 2.0 Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999
Varna Bay 1995 spring max 5.0 Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999
Varna Bay 1995 summer max 5.9 Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999
Varna Bay 1996 autumn max 4.8 Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999
Varna Bay 1997 spring max 2.0 Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999
Varna Bay 1997 summer max 206.0 Velikova V., Moncheva S., Petrova D., 1999

T(°C) ,S(‰), N-NO2(mg l-1), N-N03(mg l-1), P-PO4(mg l-1), Total Fe(mg l-1), Chl-a (mg l-1)


Cell volume

Minimum Average Maximum Database
1 205 1877,9 4940 Cell volumes of phytoplankton of the Black Sea A.S.Mikaelyan, L.G.Senichkina, L.A.Pautova, L.V.Georgieva, V.Dyakonov
2 209 1405.6 7510.8 Bryantseva Yu., 2000. Changes in structural characteristic of phytoplankton in the Black Sea
3 335.1 11453.8 Dereziuk, N., 2008. List of Phytoplankton Species Observed in the Water Area near the Zmiinyi Island in 2004-2007
4 929.4 2984.5 6389.6 Bryantseva Yu., 2010. Sevastopol Bay phytoplankton monitoring database 2008 -2009
5 980 1750 Сеничкина Л.Г., 1983. Фитопланктон северо-западной части Черного моря в зимний период 1979.
6 1341 Нестерова Д. А., 2003. Фитопланктон западной части Черного моря в летний период 1987.

* (volumes are in cubic microns), values extracted from database


Cell volume

Minimum Average Maximum Database
1 2400 2410 2414 Cell volumes of phytoplankton of the Black Sea A.S.Mikaelyan, L.G.Senichkina, L.A.Pautova, L.V.Georgieva, V.Dyakonov
2 Bryantseva Yu., 2000. Changes in structural characteristic of phytoplankton in the Black Sea
3 Dereziuk, N., 2008. List of Phytoplankton Species Observed in the Water Area near the Zmiinyi Island in 2004-2007
4 Bryantseva Yu., 2010. Sevastopol Bay phytoplankton monitoring database 2008 -2009
5 Сеничкина Л.Г., 1983. Фитопланктон северо-западной части Черного моря в зимний период 1979.
6 Нестерова Д. А., 2003. Фитопланктон западной части Черного моря в летний период 1987.

* (volumes are in cubic microns), values extracted from database for Prorocentrum minimum (Pavillard, 1916) Schiller, 1931


Volume and surface area calculation

Shape
Simple shape ellipsoid
K(flattening factor) 0.66
More accurate shape -

Hillebrand et al., 1999 - ellipsoid (Hillebrand, H., Dürselen, C. D., Kirschtel, D., Pollingher, D. and Zohary, T. (1999) Biovolume calculation for pelagic and benthic microalgae. J. Phycol., 35, 403–424)

Images

Prorocentrum cordatum (a, b). Photo by V. Velikova.


Appearance in checklists

 1886
 1900
 1950
 2000
 2010


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 33 34 35 36 38 49 54 55 56 57
x 1 x x x x x 6 x 7 x x 9 x 10 x x x 15 x 18 x x x x x 34 x x 36 x 38 x 49 x 54 x


58 63 67 68 72 73 74 75 77 78 84 85 86 87 88 89 92 93 94 99 100 101 102 103 105 108 109 110 116 117 118 119 120 123 125
  x 63 x 67 x x 72 x 73 x 74 x 75 x 78 x 85 x 86 x 89 x 92 x x x 105 x 108 x 109 x 110 x 116 x 117 x x x x 123 x 125


1 - as Exuviaella cordata; 6 - as Prorocentrum minimum; 7 - as Exuviaella cordata and Prorocentrum minimum; 9 - as also Prorocentrum minimum; 10 - as also Prorocentrum minimum; 15 - as Exuviaella cordata; 18 - as Exuviaella cordata; 34 - as Exuviaella cordata; 36 - as also Prorocentrum minimum; 38 - as Exuviaella cordata; 49 - as Exuviaella cordata; 54 - as Exuviaella cordata; 63 - as Exuviaella cordata; 67 - as Exuviaella cordata; 72 - as Exuviaella cordata; 73 - as Exuviaella cordata; 74 - as Exuviaella cordata; 75 - as Exuviaella cordata; 78 - as Exuviaella cordata; 85 - as Exuviaella cordata; 86 - as Exuviaella cordata; 89 - as Exuviaella cordata; 92 - as Exuviaella cordata; 105 - as Exuviaella cordata; 108 - as Prorocentrum minimum; 109 - as Exuviaella cordata; 110 - as Exuviaella cordata; 116 - as Exuviaella cordata; 117 - as Exuviaella cordata; 123 - as Exuviaella cordata; 125 - as Prorocentrum minimum; 


References

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    * - as Exuviaella cordata
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    * - as also Prorocentrum minimum
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    * - as Prorocentrum minimum
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    * - as Prorocentrum minimum
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata
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    * - as Prorocentrum minimum
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    * - as also Prorocentrum minimum
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    * - as Prorocentrum minimum
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    * - as Prorocentrum minimum
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata and Prorocentrum minimum
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata
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    * - as also Prorocentrum minimum
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata
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    * - as also Prorocentrum minimum
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata
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    * - as Prorocentrum minimum
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata
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    * - as Prorocentrum minimum
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    * - as also Prorocentrum minimum
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata
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    * - as Exuviaella cordata


List based on literature analysis
List extracted from database
List extracted from published paper, which is based on monitoring(scientific) research of scientist(s) and includes analysis of real collected data
Personal list, based on monitoring(scientific research) of scientist (not published as article)
Identification book

Last revision on 20-05-2013

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