Torodinium robustum

From Black Sea Phytoplankton checklist

Torodinium robustum Kofoid & Swezy, 1921

Classification

Chromista (Kingdom) > Myzozoa (Phylum) > Dinophyceae (Class) > Gymnodiniales (Order) > Gymnodiniaceae (Family) > Torodinium (Genus)

WoRMS: 109889

Properties

Environment: marine

Occurrence

	References
Black Sea	Morozova-Vodyanitskaya N.V., 1954; Gomez F. & Boicenko L., 2004; Ivanov A.I., 1965
Bulgaria	S. Moncheva(IO-BAS), 2010
Geogria	Gvarishvili Ts., 2010
Romania
Russia	O.Yasakova, 2010 (NE)
Turkey
Ukraine	Senicheva M.I., 2008 (Sevastopol Bay, Sevastopol coastal zone, Laspi Bay); Krahmalniy A.; Senicheva M.I., 1971 (Sevastopol area); Krakhmalny A. F., 2011a

Volume and surface area calculation

	Shape
Simple shape	prolate spheroid
K(flattening factor)	1
More accurate shape	-

Hillebrand et al., 1999 - prolate spheroid (Hillebrand, H., Dürselen, C. D., Kirschtel, D., Pollingher, D. and Zohary, T. (1999) Biovolume calculation for pelagic and benthic microalgae. J. Phycol., 35, 403–424)

Appearance in checklists

1886

1900

1950

2000

2010

1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	33	34	35	36	38	49	54	55	56	57
x	x							x	x				x									x

58	63	67	68	72	73	74	75	77	78	84	85	86	87	88	89	92	93	94	99	100	101	102	103	105	108	109	110	116	117	118	119	120	123	125
									x

References

Gomez_F.,_Boicenko_L.,2004. An annotated checklist of dinoflagellates in the Black Sea. Hidrobiologia, Vol. 517: 43-59.

Gvarishvili_Ts.,_2010. Phytoplankton species composition along the Georgian Black Sea coast. Personal list.

Ivanov_A.I.,_1965. Characteristics of the qualitative composition of Black Sea phytoplankton. In: The study of plankton of the Black and Azov seas, Naukova dumka, Kiev: 17-35.

Krakhmalny A. F., 2011a. Dinophyta of Ukraine (illustrated book for identification). Kiev:Alterpres, 444 pp.

Krakhmalny A.F., Panina Z.A., Krakhmalny M.A., 2006. In P.M.Tsarenko and S.P.Wasser and E.Nevo (ed.): Dinophyta. Algae of Ukraine: Diversity, Nomenclature, Taxonomy, Ecology and Geography, Ruggell. A.R.A. Gantner Verlag K.G., Liechtenstein, Vol. 1: 470-532.

S._Moncheva(IO-BAS),_2010. Species lists based on sampling identifications and literature. Personal list. Bulgarian waters.

Morozova-Vodyanitskaya_N.V.,_1954. Phytoplankton of the Black Sea: Part 2. Tr. Sevast. Biol. Stantsii, Vol. 8: 11-99.

Senicheva M. I., 1971. Composition and quantitative development of phytoplankton of neritic zone in. Sevastopol area during autumn-winter 1968-1969. Biologia moria(24): 3-12.

Senicheva M.I., 2008. Species diversity, seasonal and annual variability of plankton microalgae near Crimea coast. In: The Black Sea microalgae: problems of biodiversity preservation and biotechnological usage, publisher, address, Ch. I: 5-18.

O.Yasakova,_2010. Phytoplankton of the northern-eastern part of Black Sea 1995 - 2009. Personal list.

	List based on literature analysis
	List extracted from database
	List extracted from published paper, which is based on monitoring(scientific) research of scientist(s) and includes analysis of real collected data
	Personal list, based on monitoring(scientific research) of scientist (not published as article)
	Identification book

Last revision on 20-05-2013